Granular activated carbon adsorption of perfluoroalkyl acids from ground and surface water
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Adsorption of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) by granular activated carbon (GAC) was evaluated in bench‐, pilot‐, and full‐scale studies to determine effects PFAA characteristics background organic matter on use rates. Rapid small‐scale column tests (RSSCTs) were conducted according the proportional diffusivity (PD) design assess their suitability predict full‐ or pilot‐scale GAC performance. removal from groundwater (GW) coagulated surface water (SW) studied with two sub‐bituminous coal‐based GACs. In batch pulverized GAC, GACs performed similarly GW, but larger mesopore volume more effective for SW. tests, rates decreased increasing chain length lower GW (total [TOC] = 0.7 mg/L) than SW (TOC 2.0–2.7 mg/L). The that could be treated 10% 50% breakthrough about 50–60% when comparing data GW. Consistent differences adsorption capacity not observed empty bed contact times 13 26 min adsorbers treating PD‐RSSCT simulating consistently overpredicted capacity, average ~70%. Using a rate <25 mg /L ) as criterion feasibility treatment, adsorber suggest is viable treatment option (carbon < 25 perfluoroalkylcarboxylic six atoms five For sulfonic acids, compounds containing four carbons based results obtained both
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: AWWA water science
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2577-8161']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1269